AN INVESTIGATION OF PARENTAL ATTITUDES TOWARDS EARLY CHILDHOOD COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY

Abstract

Early childhood cognitive development is considered an important driver for a child's future academic success and overall well-being. The present study aims to explore and understand the parental perspectives of parents about their children's cognitive development. Based on the qualitative exploratory research paradigm, the study adopted phenomenology as the underpinning research philosophy. 16 semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with parents located in Karachi, Pakistan. The collected data was analysed using thematic analysis. The participants' narratives emerged four themes which were then further elaborated in sub-ordinate themes. The study found that parents are aware and conscious of their child's physical development, however, there is a considerable gap in understanding of cognitive development, especially socio-emotional milestones. The study found that there is a massive influence of traditional practices, healthcare professionals' influences, and social media platforms in framing parental knowledge and perspectives about their child's cognitive development. The study also found parents' educational level, and parenting style, further determine their success in school settings. Finally, it was found that parents association with school activities exhibits a positive influence on their child's early childhood cognitive development.